with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中表狀態(tài)或說(shuō)明背景情況，常做伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)形式有七種，with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)（形容詞/副詞/名詞/done/-ing分詞/to do）。
with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的常見(jiàn)形式
1.with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)
The man was walking on the street,with a book under his arm.
那人在街上走著，腋下夾著一本書(shū)。
2.with+名詞/代詞+形容詞
With the weather so close and stuffy,ten to one it’ll rain presently.
天氣這么悶熱，十之八九要下雨。
3.with+名詞/代詞+副詞
The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on.所有的燈亮起來(lái)，廣場(chǎng)看起來(lái)更美。
4.with+名詞/代詞+名詞
He left home,with his wife a hopeless soul.他走了，妻子十分傷心。
5.with+名詞/代詞+done（此結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)去分詞和賓語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。）
With this problem solved，neomycin 1 is now in regular production.
隨著這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決，新霉素一號(hào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)正式產(chǎn)生。
6.with+名詞/代詞+-ing分詞(此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞是-ing分詞的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或某動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)正在進(jìn)行。)
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.全班同學(xué)看著他，他感到更不自然了。
7.with+賓語(yǔ)+to do（此結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式和賓語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）
So in the afternoon，with nothing to do，I went on a round of the bookshops.
由于下午無(wú)事可做，我就去書(shū)店轉(zhuǎn)了轉(zhuǎn)。
with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)
1.表示伴隨狀況
(1)She left the office with tears in her eyes.她眼里含著淚，離開(kāi)了辦公室。
(2)He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed.一面國(guó)旗蓋在他身上，臉露在外面。
2.表示原因
(1)With his key lost,he couldn’t get into the office.由于鑰匙丟了，他進(jìn)不了辦公室。
(2)With the weather changed,we decided to put off the sports meet.由于天氣的變化，我們決定推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
3.表示時(shí)間
(1)The children began to watch TV with the homework done.孩子們完成作業(yè)以后開(kāi)始看電視。
(2)The meeting was over with the problem settled.問(wèn)題解決以后，會(huì)議結(jié)束了。
4.表示條件
(1)I’d like to see the new film with time permitting.如果時(shí)間許可，我想看那部新電影。
(2)We will have an outing tomorrow with weather fine.如果明天天氣好的話，我們要去郊游。
5.表示結(jié)果
(1)The battle ended with the enemy defeated.戰(zhàn)斗結(jié)束了，敵人被打敗了。
(2)They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.他們結(jié)束了和談，達(dá)成了協(xié)議。